Grammar forms the backbone of effective communication. Even minor errors can alter the meaning of a sentence or make it grammatically incorrect. Below, we explore five common grammar errors with illustrative questions and explanations to help you avoid them in your writing.
1. Subject-Verb Agreement with Collective Nouns
Question:
- Which sentence contains an error?
- A) The committee have reached a consensus on the new policy.
- B) The committee has reached a consensus on the new policy.
- C) The committee have been working on the new policy for weeks.
- D) The committee is expected to announce the decision tomorrow.
Answer: A
Explanation: Collective nouns like “committee” are treated as singular entities when referring to the group as a whole. Thus, they should take a singular verb, such as “has.” The incorrect usage of “have” creates a mismatch between the subject and verb.
2. Verb Agreement in “Neither… Nor” Constructions
Question:
- Identify the sentence with the error:
- A) Neither the manager nor the employees were aware of the change in policy.
- B) Neither the manager nor the employee was aware of the change in policy.
- C) Neither the manager nor the employees was aware of the change in policy.
- D) Neither the employee nor the manager were aware of the change in policy.
Answer: C
Explanation: When using “neither… nor,” the verb must agree with the nearest subject. In this case, “employees” is plural, so the correct verb is “were,” not “was.” Paying attention to subject proximity is key in these constructions.
3. Tense in Time Clauses with “By the Time”
Question:
- Find the error in the following sentence:
- A) By the time you will arrive, I will have finished the report.
- B) By the time you arrive, I will have finished the report.
- C) By the time you arrive, I will finish the report.
- D) By the time you will have arrived, I will have finished the report.
Answer: A
Explanation: In future time clauses introduced by phrases like “by the time,” the present tense is used instead of the future tense. This rule ensures clarity and grammatical correctness.
4. Uncountable Nouns and Verb Agreement
Question:
- Which sentence contains an error?
- A) The information in the report are outdated.
- B) The information in the report is outdated.
- C) The data in the report are outdated.
- D) The facts in the report are outdated.
Answer: A
Explanation: Certain nouns, such as “information,” are uncountable and always take a singular verb. Using “are” with “information” is incorrect, as uncountable nouns cannot take plural forms.
5. Pronoun Usage with Singular Nouns
Question:
- Find the error in the following sentence:
- A) The company has yet to announce their decision.
- B) The company has yet to announce its decision.
- C) The company is yet to announce their decision.
- D) The company is yet to announce its decision.
Answer: A
Explanation: A company is a singular entity and should be paired with singular pronouns like “its.” Using “their” creates a mismatch and is grammatically incorrect.
Final Thoughts
Being aware of these common errors and understanding the rules behind them can significantly improve your writing. Pay close attention to subject-verb agreement, tense consistency, and pronoun usage to ensure your sentences are clear and grammatically sound. With practice, you’ll master these nuances and elevate your communication skills.
